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Identifying independent contractors (ICs) in the Shovels API can be accomplished in several ways.

Primary Method: biz_type Field

The most reliable method is through the biz_type field, though it has limited coverage across our dataset.

Heuristic Indicators

As a practical heuristic, consider these signals:

Business Name Analysis

If a business name appears to be a person’s name (e.g., “John Smith” rather than “Smith Construction”), it often indicates an independent contractor.

Other Signals

  • Single contact person across all permits
  • Low permit volume compared to larger firms
  • Absence of multiple employee records

Why It Matters

Independent contractors represent a significant portion of the contracting ecosystem, especially in specialized trades like:
  • Electrical work
  • Plumbing
  • HVAC
Understanding which contractors are independent professionals versus larger companies allows for:
  • More tailored marketing approaches
  • Accurate market segmentation
  • Better targeting for products or services
The biz_type field provides the most accurate identification when available, but coverage varies across the dataset.